Interactions between the epithelial barrier and the microbiota in the reproductive tract

The microbiome in the female reproductive tract (FRT) plays a critical role in modulating the immune system. The mucosal epithelial barrier reliably distinguishes commensal symbionts from pathogens. However, disruption of the barrier causes dysbiosis, excessive inflammation, and infections, potentially resulting in reproductive complications. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the interaction between the epithelial barrier function and the microbiota, focusing on the lower FRT and Lactobacillus, a major dominant genus in the vagina. Information about evolution and probiotics is also provided to promote an in-depth understanding of the topic.