Transplantation of dedifferentiated fat cells combined with a biodegradable type i collagen-recombinant peptide scaffold for critical-size bone defects in rats

Atsushi Tateno, Masatake Asano, Daisuke Akita, Taku Toriumi, Niina Tsurumachi-Iwasaki, Tomohiko Kazama, Yoshinori Arai, Taro Matsumoto, Koichiro Kano, Masaki Honda

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Tissue engineering is a promising approach to supplement existing treatment strategies for craniofacial bone regeneration. In this study, a type I collagen scaffold made from a recombinant peptide (RCP) with an Arg-Gly-Asp motif was developed, and its effect on regeneration in critical-size mandibular bone defects was evaluated. Additionally, the combined effect of the scaffold and lipid-free dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells was assessed. Briefly, DFAT cells were separated from mature adipocytes by using a ceiling culture technique based on buoyancy. A 3 cm × 4 cm critical-size bone defect was created in the rat mandible, and regeneration was evaluated by using RCP with DFAT cells. Then, cultured DFAT cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were seeded onto RCP scaffolds (DFAT/RCP and ASC/RCP) and implanted into the bone defects. Micro-computed tomography imaging at 8 weeks after implantation showed significantly greater bone regeneration in the DFAT/RCP group than in the ASC/RCP and RCP-alone groups. Similarly, histological analysis showed significantly greater bone width in the DFAT/RCP group than in the ASC/RCP and RCP-alone groups. These findings suggest that DFAT/RCP is effective for bone formation in critical-size bone defects and that DFAT cells are a promising source for bone regeneration.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)534-538
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of Oral Science
Volume61
Issue number4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2019

Keywords

  • Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
  • Bone regeneration
  • Critical-size bone defect
  • Dedifferentiated fat cells
  • Recombinant peptide scaffold
  • Type I collagen scaffold

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